At present, most blue-red composite LED light sources are widely used in the field of plant lighting. However, their full-width at half-maximum of blue light is too small to meet the requirements of plants for photosynthesis. Herein, a dual-emitting single-phase self-luminescent phosphor CaEuAl3O7(CEAO) is reported in this study, which provides broadband blue emission of Eu(2+)ions and red emissions of Eu(3+)ions. According to the optical properties of Eu(2+)and Eu(3+)ions in the CEAO phosphor, it can be found that all emissions are consistent with the absorption of chlorophylls and pigment carotenoids. In addition, the temperature sensing based on the fluorescence intensity ratio (FIR) in the CEAO phosphor is also studied and the maximum sensitivity (S) can reach as high as 6.90% K(-1)at 313 K. The results indicate that the single-component phosphor CEAO with blue and red double-color emission possesses an outstanding potential in plant growth lamps and optical thermometry applications.