Herein, we prepared 3D-networked porous carbon materials (TNPCs) (porosity approximate to 70%, average pore size approximate to 10 mu m, density approximate to 0.37 g cm(-3)) composed of glassy carbon via pyrolysis of porous phenolic precursors. A compressive test for TNPCs shows that the Young's moduli and compressive strength of TNPCs ranged from 0.7 to 1.5 GPa and 11 to 30 MPa, respectively, which increased with increasing pore diameter. Although these moduli could not be accurately predicted using conventional periodic unit cell models, the homogenized Young's moduli predicted using a 3D image-based model acquired by X-ray computed tomography and focused ion beam scanning electron microscopy were in good agreement with the experimental values. These results indicate that the method can be used to reliably investigate the microstructures and evaluate the Young's modulus using 3D image-based modeling.