Inorganic Chemistry, Vol.59, No.18, 13792-13800, 2020
Facilitating Phase Evolution for a High-Energy-Efficiency, Low-Cost O-3-Type NaxCu0.18Fe0.3Mn0.52O2 Sodium Ion Battery Cathode
The phase transition and lattice parameter evolution of O3 structure commonly occurs in O3-type sodium ion battery (SIB) cathodes, which might enlarge the voltage hysteresis and lower the energy efficiency. Given that the cost is one of the issues discouraging the application of SIBs in large-scale energy storage, here we focus on Co/Ni-free NaxCu0.18Fe0.3Mn0.52O2 (x = 0.8, 0.85, 0.9) and propose a convenient strategy to reduce the voltage hysteresis. It is found that when the Na content is 0.8, the highest energy efficiency of 95.4% after activation is achieved (2.54.0 V, 50 mA g(1), the 50th cycle), in addition to a satisfactory capacity retention (about 0.056% decay per cycle). The further characterizations reveal that Na0Cu0.18Fe0.3Mn0.52O2 owns a gentle O3P3 phase transition process and does not undergo O3 phase lattice parameter evolution. The key point lies in the attainability of the O-3/P-3 composite of the material. This work will provide a simple strategy for the rational design of O-3-type cathodes with a high energy efficiency and might offer inspiration to search for layered oxides with a higher O-3/P-3 critical Na content through element adjustments.