The preparation of Nd(OH)(3) powder by the direct hydration method using Nd2O3 as a raw material was studied, and the effects of stirring mode, H2O and Nd2O3 molar ratio, stirring rate, and reaction time on temperature change and conversion rate in a hydration system were analyzed. The reasonable process conditions for the direct hydration of Nd(OH)(3) by Nd2O3 were then determined. Process, morphology, and structure were considered in the preparation of neodymium hydroxide powder, and its composition was investigated by X-ray powder diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, laser particle size analysis, therrnogravimetric differential thermal analysis, and chemical analysis. It has been proved that the process is simple and feasible, in line with the concept of modem green chemistry, and the products also meet the market requirements. (C) 2020 The Chemical Industry and Engineering Society of China, and Chemical Industry Press Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.