Vinyl alcohol (VA), for a long time, is thought to be a missing source of formic acid (FA) in the atmospheric models. However, a recent study has shown that FA is just a byproduct in the OH-initiated oxidation of VA, which stimulates investigation on the other sinks of VA in the atmosphere. In this study, the detailed ozonolysis mechanism of VA was investigated theoretically for the first time. The results show that two primary ozonides (syn- and anti-POZ) can be formed in the ozonolysis of VA and that FA coupled with the simplest Criegee intermediate (CH2OO) can be produced as the main nascent products. Thus, the ozonolysis of VA is predicted to be a more efficient process to produce FA in the atmosphere compared with its OH-initiated oxidation. Moreover, it is found that the syn-POZ can directly decompose to peroxyformic acid plus formaldehyde, breaking the known "Criegee mechanism" to form carbonyl oxide with carbonyl compound. This special mechanism by providing a new source of peroxy acids in the atmosphere enriches the atmospheric chemistry of enols. The atmospheric lifetime of VA by ozonolysis is predicted to be 30 h, comparable with its prevalent reaction with the OH radical. Therefore, the obtained theoretical results can be usefully incorporated into a future modeling study of enols.