Journal of Chemical and Engineering Data, Vol.65, No.5, 2894-2902, 2020
Solubility Modeling, Solvent Effect, and Dissolution Properties of 4-Nitrophenylacetic Acid in Thirteen Solvents Ranging from 283.15 to 328.15 K
Solubility of 4-nitrophenylacetic acid in 13 neat solvents of n-propanol, methanol, ethylene glycol (EG), ethanol, isopropanol, cyclohexane, acetonitrile, N,N-dimethyl formamide (DMF), N,N-dimethyl acetylammonia (DMA), n-butanol, ethyl acetate, water, and isobutanol was experimentally attained by the use of a shake-flask method ranging from 283.15 to 328.15 K at ambient pressure of p = 101.2 kPa. The solubility of 4-nitrophenylacetic acid (mole fraction) increased as the studied temperature increased and presented the subsequence in the studied solvents: DMF > methanol > DMA > ethanol > n-propanol > n-butanol > ethyl acetate > isopropanol > isobutanol > acetonitrile > EG > water > cyclohexane. The interactions of solvent-solvent and solvent-solute molecules were inspected through linear solvation energy relationships. Results showed that the dipolarity/polarizability and Hildebrand solubility parameter of solvents greatly affected the 4-nitrophenylacetic acid solubility. The determined solubility was mathematically correlated by the NRTL model, lambda h equation, Apelblat equation, and Wilson model. The maximum values of root-mean-square deviations and relative average deviations were 57.52 X 10(-4) and 4.22 X 10(-2), respectively. The values of relative average deviation were lower via the Apelblat equation than via the other model/equations for a certain neat solvent. As well, the dissolution properties, reduced excess enthalpy, and activity coefficient at infinitesimal concentration were derived according to the Wilson model. The obtained solubility data and thermodynamic relationships were of crucial importance for the purification of 4-nitrophenylacetic acid isomers.