New Chain-Extended Bismaleimides with Aryl-Ether-Imide and Phthalide Cardo Skeleton (II): Creep, Stress Relaxation, Shape Memory and Self-Repairing Properties

Xichao Guo; Xuhai Xiong; Rong Ren; Ping Chen

Macromolecular Research, Vol.28, No.5, 494-500, May, 2020

DOI10.1007/s13233-020-8063-7 Export Citation

New Chain-Extended Bismaleimides with Aryl-Ether-Imide and Phthalide Cardo Skeleton (II): Creep, Stress Relaxation, Shape Memory and Self-Repairing Properties

Xichao Guo, Xuhai Xiong^†, Rong Ren, and Ping Chen¹

Liaoning Key Laboratory of Advanced Polymer Matrix Composites, Shenyang Aerospace University, Shenyang 110136, P. R. China
¹State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116012, P. R. China

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In Part I of the paper, we have focused on the synthesis, characterization and solubility of three chain-extended bismaleimides containing aryl-ether-imide and phthalide cardo skeleton with different molecular weight (MPEIBMI-2.0, MPEIBMI-1.5 and MPEIBMI-1.25) and the thermal stability and thermal mechanical properties of their cured resins. In Part II of the paper, their high-temperature static viscoelasticity, shape memory (SM) performance and self-repairing behavior for micro-damages were investigated by dynamic mechanical analyzer and optical microscope. The creep test results exhibit the MPEIBMI-2.0 cured film has the strongest creep resistance at the same testing temperature due to the highest stiffness of its network structure, and the maximum allowable load of MPEIBMI-1.25 film at 200 °C reaches 15 MPa for 60 min creep experiment. The rate of stress relaxation for MPEIBMI-1.25 film is slower in spite of having relatively lower stress level. The MPEIBMI-1.25 film has the largest ultimate elongation at high temperature and this deformability confers it excellent shape memory (SM) ability. The shape fixity ratio reaches above 98% and the recovery rate is increased to above 96% from 94.5% after one SM cycle. The micro-damages on the surface of cured films could be repaired when heated to the temperature above their glass transition temperature, and the repairing temperature is increased with their crosslinking density to obtain perfect repairing efficiency.

Keywords:creep;stress relaxation;shape memory;self-repairing

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[2] Bashir R, Hilt JZ, Elibol O, Gupta A, Peppas NA, Appl. Phys. Lett., 81, 3091 (2002)

[3] Harris KD, Bastiaansen CW, Lub J, Broer DJ, Nano Lett., 5, 1857 (2005)

[4] Yamada M, Kondo M, Mamiya JI, Yu Y, Kinoshita M, Barrett CJ, Ikeda T, Angew. Chem.-Int. Edit., 47, 4986 (2008)

[5] Islam MR, Li X, Smyth K, Serpe MJ, Angew. Chem.-Int. Edit., 52, 10330 (2013)

[6] Fernandes R, Gracias DH, Adv. Drug Deliv. Rev., 64, 1579 (2012)

[7] Ionov L, Adv. Funct. Mater., 23, 4555 (2013)

[8] Ilievski F, Mazzeo AD, Shepherd RF, Chen X, Whitesides GM, Angew. Chem.-Int. Edit., 50, 1890 (2011)

[9] Li X, Serpe MJ, Adv. Funct. Mater., 26(19), 3282 (2016)

[10] Xie T, Polymer, 52(22), 4985 (2011)

[11] Shi Y, Yoonessi M, Weiss RA, Macromolecules, 46(10), 4160 (2013)

[12] Xiong XH, Zhou L, Ren R, Ma XH, Chen P, Polymer, 140, 326 (2018)

[13] Burattini S, Greenland BW, Chappell D, Colquhoun HM, Hayes W, Chem. Soc. Rev., 39, 1973 (2010)

[14] Murphy EB, Wudl F, Prog. Polym. Sci, 35, 223 (2010)

[15] Wu DY, Meure S, Solomon D, Prog. Polym. Sci, 33, 479 (2008)

[16] Kim YH, Wool RP, Macromolecules, 16, 1115 (1983)

[17] Brunsveld L, Folmer BJB, Meijer EW, Sijbesma RP, Chem. Rev., 101(12), 4071 (2001)

[18] Fang L, Olson MA, Benitez D, Tkatchouk E, Goddard WA, Stoddart JF, Chem. Soc. Rev., 39, 17 (2010)

[19] Burnworth M, Knapton D, Rowan SJ, Weder C, J. Inorg. Organomet. Polym., 17, 91 (2007)

[20] Meng R, Yin D, Drapaca CS, Int. J. Nonlin. Mech., 113, 171 (2019)

[21] Ferry JD, Viscoelastic Properties of Polymers, 3rd ed., Wiley, 1980.

[22] Aifantis EC, Int. J. Plasticity., 3, 211 (1987)

[23] Krempl E, Khan F, Int. J. Plasticity., 9, 1069 (2003)

[24] Tobolsky AV, J. Appl. Phys., 27, 673 (1956)

[25] Gent AN, J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 6, 433 (1962)

[26] Ortiz C, Ober CK, Kramer EJ, Polymer, 39(16), 3713 (1998)

[27] Kothari VK, Rajkhowa R, Gupta VB, J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 82(5), 1147 (2001)

[28] Imbernon L, Norvez S, Leibler L, Macromolecules, 49(6), 2172 (2016)

[29] Xiong X, Chen P, Yu Q, Zhu N, Wang B, Zhang J, Li J, Polym. Int., 59, 1665 (2010)

[30] Yang C, Tang S, J. Polym. Sci. A: Polym. Chem., 37, 455 (2015)

[31] Tobushi H, Hara H, Yamada E, Hayashi S, Smart Mater. Struct., 2716, 483 (1996)

[32] Rui MG, Morais JL, Polym. Test, 32, 961 (2013)

[33] Starkova O, Aniskevich A, Mech. Time-Depend. Mater., 11, 111 (2017)

[34] Hager MD, Bode S, Weber C, Schubert US, Prog. Polym. Sci, 49, 3 (2015)

[35] Hu J, Zhu Y, Huang H, Lu J, Prog. Polym. Sci, 37, 1720 (2012)

[36] Berg GJ, McBride MK, Wang C, Bowman CN, Polymer, 55, 5849 (2014)

[37] Xie T, Polymer, 52(22), 4985 (2011)

[38] Yang D, Huang W, Yu JH, Jiang JS, Zhang LY, Xie MR, Polymer, 51(22), 5100 (2010)