The results of studies of the electrically controlled elements of optical systems based on hydrogel - electrochromic polymer with conjugated pi-electron system are shown. One important feature of conjugated polymers is the ability to change their optical characteristics under an external electric field. The electrochromic effect of these polymers may find applications in optical gating and filtering systems, optical sensors, smart windows'', optical memories, IR-switching, and electrochromic displays. Such electrochromic polymers were embedded in the matrix of a macroporous polymer hydrogel by the oxidative chemical polymerization method. The obtained samples based on hydrogel - polyaniline and hydrogel - polyorthotoluidine composites demonstrate the electrochromic behavior. In these composites, the electrolyte, as well as the electrochromic polymer, are located directly in the volume of hydrogel.