Propellants Explosives Pyrotechnics, Vol.44, No.8, 989-999, 2019
Stability of Dihydroxylammonium 5,5'-Bistetrazole-1,1'-Diolate (TKX-50) in Solvents
The stability of solid TKX-50 has attracted considerable attention. However, the stability of TKX-50 in solvents has not been investigated sufficiently yet. Herein, the stability of TKX-50 in various solvents, including N, N-dimethylformamide (DMF), dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), acetone, deionized water, ethyl acetate, acetonitrile, methanol, ethanol, petroleum ether, hexane, DMF/acetone (mixture of DMF and acetone) and DMF/DMSO (mixture of DMF and DMSO), has been studied. The results show that TKX-50 remains stable in DMSO, deionized water, ethyl acetate, acetonitrile, methanol, ethanol, petroleum ether and hexane. It is remarkable that TKX-50 can react with DMF in different ways under different conditions, such as a wide temperature range from 25 degrees C to 150 degrees C. The products in reactions between TKX-50 and DMF were dimethylammonium 5, 5'-bistetrazole-1-hydroxy-1'-oxygen (DMA-BTO), dimethylamine 5, 5'-bistetrazole-1, 1'-diolate (2DMA-BTO) and diammonium 5,5'-bistetrazole-1,1'-diolate (ABTOX), which were confirmed by single crystal diffraction, respectively. Moreover, the thermal stability of the products and the interconversion pathways between TKX-50 and products were determined. Subsequently, the reaction mechanism of TKX-50 in DMF solvent has been inferred.