The presented review considers the currently relevant methods for studying petroleum porphyrins. For this purpose, the experimental approaches used during the investigation of the structure, concentration, and properties of metal complexes of petroleum porphyrins and their free bases are systematized, and the capabilities and limitations of the used methods (mass spectrometric, spectroscopic (electron paramagnetic resonance, UV-visible electronic absorption spectroscopy, and X-ray techniques) as well as high-performance and gel penetration liquid chromatography) are discussed. Published approaches to the concentration, fractionation, and purification of petroleum porphyrins based on the extraction and chromatographic methods of recovery of chemical compounds from complex multicomponent mixtures are also analyzed.