Journal of Physical Chemistry A, Vol.123, No.30, 6506-6526, 2019
Hydrogen-Bonding Motifs and Proton-Transfer Dynamics in Electronically Excited 6-Hydroxy-2-formylfulvene
To elucidate low-barrier hydrogen-bonding (LBHBing) motifs and their ramifications for hydron-migration dynamics, the (A) over tilde B-1(2)-(X) over tilde (1)A(1) (pi* <- pi) absorption system of 6-hydroxy-2-formylfulvene (HFF) and its monodeuterated isotopolog (HFF-d) has been probed under free-jet expansion conditions through synergistic application of fluorescence-based laser spectroscopy and quantum-chemical calculations. Neither the donor-acceptor distance nor the proton-transfer barrier is predicted to change markedly between the (X) over tilde (1)A(1) and (A) over tilde B-1(2) manifolds, yet a radical alteration in the nature of the reaction coordinate, whereby the planar (C-2 nu) transition-state configuration of the former is supplanted by a notably aplanar (C2) form in the latter, is suggested to take place following pi* <- pi electron promotion (owing, in part, to attendant rearrangements of pi-electron conjugation about the molecular framework). In contrast to the strongly perturbed vibrational landscape (commensurate with LBHBing) reported for the (X) over tilde (1)A(1) potential surface, the present measurements have revealed surprisingly regular patterns of (A) over tilde B-1(2) vibronic structure which are devoid of obvious band shifts/splittings that would be indicative of efficient proton-transfer processes. Detailed analyses enabled a total of 41 (6) and 28 (5) excited-state vibrational levels (fundamentals) to be assigned for HFF and HFF-d, with extensive activity found for modes involving displacement of the seven-membered chelate ring that harbors the O-H center dot center dot center dot O reaction center. Quantitative simulations of partially resolved rotational contours for the HFF origin band showed the transition dipole moment to possess hybrid type-a/b character, thereby allowing the tunneling-induced bifurcation of the vibrationless A'B2 level to be extracted, Delta(A)(0)= 0.119(11) cm(-1). This represents an enormous (>1000-fold) decrease over the analogous ground-state metric and implies a pronounced quenching of excited-state hydron migration, in keeping with the kinematic penalties that would be exacted by requisite heavy-atom motion along a putatively aplanar reaction coordinate.