Electrochimica Acta, Vol.319, 88-94, 2019
Complex influence of temperature on oxalic acid anodizing of aluminium
Two-step aluminium anodizing is widely used to prepare oxide films with a highly-ordered porous structure through the whole thickness. It can be realized solely at relatively low values of current density in the kinetic anodizing regime that makes this process extremely time-consuming. Temperature is an important thermodynamic parameter which is able to accelerate chemical reactions and mass-transport and, thus, could be suggested as an effective tool to control the growth rate of anodic alumina. Here we report a systematic study of the porous anodic alumina films formation in 0.3 M oxalic acid electrolyte in a wide temperature range. The influence of electrolyte temperature on the kinetics of aluminium anodizing and on the morphology of the obtained anodic alumina films is addressed quantitatively. Current transients registered at various temperatures are used for the calculation of the apparent activation energy of the anodization process in both mild and hard anodizing regimes. In the case of thick oxide films and high electrolyte temperature, the increase in diffusion current contribution leads to switching the kinetically controlled anodizing to the mixed regime which results in destroying the hexagonal pore ordering. Based on the experimental findings, rational electrolyte temperatures and porous layer thicknesses for the first and second anodizing steps are proposed as a guide for express preparation of alumina films with well-ordered porous structure. (C) 2019 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.