MnO2 is one of the most widespread and cheapest materials in nature that can both adsorb arsenic and oxidize arsenite [As(III)] to arsenate [As(V)]. In this study, column beta-MnO2 [CM] with the main facet of {110} and pincer beta-MnO2 [PM] with the facets of {110} and {101} are synthesized and used to remove arsenic in water under different conditions. For the adsorption process, the experimental data are fitted well with the pseudo second-order kinetic model; the Langmuir model is better than the Freundlich model to describe the adsorption equilibrium isotherms. Furthermore, the As(III) oxidation rate can be denoted by the pseudo zero-order kinetic model and is related to the O-2 concentration, the pH value, the light source and the initial concentration of As(III). Finally, the oxidation mechanism is investigated, and the oxidant should be related to O-2. It is interesting to find that these two kinds of beta-MnO2 exhibit different pH effects for both adsorption and oxidation. For As(III), the adsorption and oxidation abilities of CM follow the order pH 9 > pH 7 > pH 4, whereas the adsorption and oxidation orders of PM are pH 4 > pH 7 > pH 9.