화학공학소재연구정보센터
Energy Conversion and Management, Vol.194, 199-216, 2019
Potential for exploiting the synergies between buildings through DSM approaches. Case study: La Graciosa Island
Many studies have demonstrated the potential of large scale energy analyses when it comes to achieving highly energy-efficient districts. Much emphasis has been placed on giving insights into how to obtain accurate energy demand and solar potential estimations for whole regions, as a means of enhancing the integration of renewable energies, achieving higher self-sufficiencies or decreasing the energy costs. However, it is necessary to figure out whether it would be possible to enhance the economic savings and integration of renewable energies even more. This could be done by considering on a district scale the synergies between buildings, DSM strategies and electricity storage at building level. Using as a case study a microgrid in a district located in La Graciosa Island (Spain), this work proposes a novel strategy that encourages sharing surplus electricity between different prosumers, in order to maximize the overall cost savings and the utilization of renewable energy in the district. In this case, the prosumers are equipped with thermostatically controlled loads (heat pumps) and renewable generation with electricity storage (PV modules). In addition, a comparison between different preconditioning strategies is carried out, determining the optimal strategies during a whole year and reaching important conclusions. The influence of considering different time horizons for the optimization of these preconditioning strategies is also examined. Last of all, a sensitivity analysis regarding the main design parameters is performed. The results prove that, by promoting energy sharing, the proposed concept is capable of raising the self-consumption and self-sufficiency ratios of a district (reaching 42% and 64% respectively) as well as the cost savings. The results are very dependent on the considered feed-in-tariff: the lower it is, the more profitable it is to implement the proposed concept. The present study also shows the benefits that can be obtained from DSM approaches on a district scale: different precooling strategies, which may be implemented without additional investments, were chosen instead of the normal schedule on around 66% of the summer days. Altogether, the proposed approaches may effectively contribute to resource conservation at large scales.