Transition-metal oxalate and oxalate-derived materials with controllable structures, adjustable pore sizes and large surface areas have attracted broad research interest in electrochemistry. Transition-metal oxalate nanomaterials with significant electrochemical properties can be obtained by environmentally friendly, economical and scalable synthetic methods. In this review, we focus on the recent developments of the transition-metal oxalate and oxalate-derived materials based on their synthetic methods, morphologies and electrochemical performances, especially in Lithium ion batteries and supercapacitors. Eventually, based on the reported literature, we propose future developments for transition-metal oxalate and oxalate-derived materials in electrochemistry.