MoS2 nanosheets have been widely explored as LIB anode materials due to higher theoretical capacity and weak interlayer interactions, but limited by their low conductivity and ease of stacking. Herein, we reported a novel Fe doped MoS2/reduced graphene oxide (Fe-MoS2/rGO) composite as LIB anode material and its one-step synthesis method. The results show that the synthesized Fe-MoS2/rGO composite has unique porous heterostructure, where networked Fe-MoS2 nanosheets of several nm thickness grow upon crumpled rGO sheets with high specific area. Due to the Fe doping as well as the mild synthesis conditions, the resulting Fe-MoS2 upon rGO sheets has wide interlayer spacing, abundant lattice defects and lower inner resistance. As a result, the Fe-MoS2/rGO electrode exhibits significant improvement in electrochemical performance relative to the non-doped MoS2/rGO electrode. The reversible capacities of Fe-MoS2/rGO electrode reach 1255 mAh/g (2nd circle) and 946 mAh g(-1) (100th circle) with a retention of 75.4%. By comparison, the reversible capacities of MoS2/rGO electrode are only 654.1 mAh g(-1) (2nd circle) and 429 mAh g(-1) (100th circle) with a low retention of 64.1%.