Nanorod vanadium sulfide wrapped by reduced graphene oxide (rGO) composite is synthesized by a facile solvothermal reaction. Nanorod vanadium sulfide is uniformly distributed on the surface of rGO nanosheets. As an anode for sodium ion batteries, the composite with 13 wt% rGO has 1203.8 and 781.4 mAh g-1 specific capacities for the first discharge and charge, respectively, with 64.9% of Coulombic efficiency, higher than that of pure vanadium sulfide submicrospheres. The sodiation/desodiation mechanism is investigated by cyclic voltanimetry, electrochemical impedance spectrum and discharging-charging measurement. The results show that the vanadium sulfide/rGO composite can convert to sodium sulfide + vanadium/rGO composite after the first cycle, and the rGO can inhibit the dissolution of polysulfide while metal vanadium increases electrode conductivity, resulting in the enhanced electrochemical performance.