화학공학소재연구정보센터
Solar Energy, Vol.176, 157-169, 2018
Powder-to-film approach for fabricating critical raw material-free kesterite Cu2ZnSn(S,Se)(4) thin film photovoltaic: A review
Critical raw material-free Cu2ZnSn(S,Se)(4) photovoltaic has a potential to offer long-term, sustainable, annual deployment in the gigawatt to terra watt scale. This review article presents the current progress in the kesterite Cu2ZnSn(S.Se)(4) thin film photovoltaic fabrication utilizing pre-synthesised Cu2ZnSn(S,Se)(4) powder. Apart from the frequently reported kesterite thin film fabrication routes utilizing molecular precursor, nanoparticle and vacuum-based deposition, the kesterite thin film materials and photovoltaic fabrication has also been reported to utilise raw powder material. This alternatives route proposes to provide a highly anticipated large scale thin film photovoltaic deployment by taking advantage of the abundancy of commercial raw powder materials as sources for Cu-Zn-Sn-S-Se and of the high throughput character of solution-based film deposition technique. The powder to-film approach possesses a typical value chain of (i) kesterite powder synthesis, (ii) powder size reduction (milling), (iii) slurry formulation, (iv) slurry deposition, and (v) sintering. Current status of each value chain is reviewed and discussed. It is shown that the presented kesterite route through raw powder utilisation is promising for further upscaling toward industrial and commercial kesterite photovoltaic fabrication.