Journal of the American Chemical Society, Vol.116, No.26, 11797-11810, 1994
Synthesis of Polysubstituted Indoles and Indolines by Means of Zirconocene-Stabilized Benzyne Complexes
The development of a new method for the regiospecific synthesis of polysubstituted indoles and indolines is reported. The key steps involve the generation of zirconocene-stabilized benzyne complexes and subsequent intramolecular olefin insertion reactions to provide tricyclic indoline zirconacycles. The zirconacyclic intermediates were cleaved with iodine to yield diiodo indolines, which were converted to a wide variety of indole and indoline products, such as analogs of tryptamine, serotonin, tryptophan, and the pharmacophore of CC-1065.
Keywords:LEFT-HAND SUBUNIT;ANTIBIOTIC ALKALOID CHUANGXINMYCIN;CATALYTIC TRANSFER HYDROGENATION;INTRAMOLECULAR ENE REACTION;ALPHA-AMINO-ACIDS;4-SUBSTITUTED INDOLES;FUNCTIONAL ANALOGS;1;2;9;9A-TETRAHYDROCYCLOPROPA(C)BENZ(E)INDOL-4-ONE CBI;NEUROTRANSMITTER SEROTONIN;3;4-DISUBSTITUTED INDOLES