Designing and optimizing visible-light-driven photocatalyst with cost-efficiency and high performance is very imperative and highly challenging for photocatalytic hydrogen evolution reaction. Herein, g-C3N4/Mo2C hybrid photocatalyst with one dimensional (1D) heterostructure for highly enhanced photocatalytic H-2 generation activity were obtained by a facile two step processing, in which Mo2C nanoparticles were highly dispersed on rod-like g-C3N4 surface. Attributed to the synergistic effect of 1D structure and Mo2C co-catalyst, the resultant g-C3N4/Mo2C sample exhibits an impressive visible-light photocatalytic H-2 production rate of up to 507 mu mol.h(-1).g(-1) and quantum efficiencies of 3.74% at 420 nm, which is 9.8 times higher than that of bulk g-C3N4, indicating that decorating Mo2C as co-catalysts on the surface of g-C3N4 leads to the improved visible light absorption, promoted charge separation and enhanced the following H-2-evolution rate. Moreover, the mechanism for the photocatalytic activity enhancement was also discussed. This study provides a guide for researchers to design efficient g-C3N4-based hybrid photocatalysts with excellent stability and photocatalytic activity during the photoreaction process.