A fundamental chlorine-containing radical, CH2Cl, is generated by the ultrafast photodissociation of CH2ICl at 266 nm and studied at both the carbon K edge (similar to 284 eV) and chlorine L-2,L-3 edge (similar to 200 eV) by femtosecond X-ray transient absorption spectroscopy. The electronic structure of CH2Cl radical is characterized by a prominent new carbon is X-ray absorption feature at lower energy, resulting from a transition to the half-filled frontier carbon 2p orbital (singly occupied molecular orbital of the radical; SOMO). Shifts of other core-to-valence absorption features upon photodissociation of CH2ICl to yield center dot CH2Cl indicate changes in the energies of core-level transitions of carbon and chlorine to the sigma*(C-Cl) valence orbital. When the C-I bond breaks, loss of the electron-withdrawing iodine atom donates electron density back to carbon and shields the carbon is core level, resulting in a similar to 0.8 eV red shift of the carbon is to sigma*(C-Cl) transition. Meanwhile, the 2p inner shell of the chlorine atom in the radical is less impacted by the iodine atom removal, as demonstrated by the observation of a similar to 0.6 eV blue shift of the transitions at the chlorine L-2,L-3 edges, mainly due to the stronger C-Cl bond and the increased energy of the sigma*(C-Cl) orbital. The results suggest that the shift in the carbon is orbital is greater than the shift in the sigma*(C-Cl) orbital upon going from the closed-shell molecule to the radical. Ab initio calculations using the equation of motion coupled-cluster theory establish rigorous assignment and positions of the X-ray spectral features in the parent molecule and the location of the SOMO in the CH2Cl radical.