The synthesis of TiB2 nanopowders arouses considerable interests due to its importance for implementing the extensive applications of TiB2 ceramic. Herein, the high-purity ultrafine TiB2 nanopowders were successfully synthesized via a molten salt assisted borothermal reduction technique at a relatively low temperature of 1173 K using TiO2 and B powders as precursors within a KCl/NaCl salt. The results showed that the as-obtained TiB2 nanopowders possessed a polycrystallinity structure, and their specific surface area and equivalent average particle size were 33.18 m(2)/g and 40 nm, respectively. This study provides a new low temperature synthesis technique of TiB2 nanopowders.