Polymerization of p-acetoxybenzoic acid between mica sheets, from both the melt and dilute solution, in a wide range of polymerization temperatures (180-400 degrees C) yields an epitaxial-like overgrowth of PpOBA on the mica cleavage surface. The PpOBA overgrowth forms long rows by lateral aggregation of ribbon crystals situated in three substrate directions rotated by 60 degrees. The c-axes of the PpOBA phase I and II lattices are parallel to the 001 plane of the mica, coinciding with the a-axes of the mica hexagonal structure. The a(l)- and b(ll)-axes lie predominantly on the mica surface. The surface-orienting effect is tentatively attributed to surface steps and or/polar effects; lattice matching does not occur. The recrystallization of bulk polymer samples previously prepared also leads to ordering between mica like that in melt or solution polymerization.