Journal of the American Ceramic Society, Vol.101, No.9, 4331-4339, 2018
Solidification of welded SiC-ZrB2-ZrC ceramics
A silicon carbide-based ceramic, containing 50 vol% SiC, 35 vol% ZrB2, and 15 vol% ZrC was plasma arc welded to produce continuous fusion joints with varying penetration depth. The parent material was preheated to 1450 degrees C and arc welding was successfully implemented for joining of the parent material. A current of 138 A, plasma flow rate of 1L/min or 0.5L/min, and welding speed of 8cm/min were utilized for repeated joining, with full penetration fusion zones along the entire length of the joints. Solidification was determined to occur through the crystallization of -SiC (3C), then the simultaneous solidification of SiC and ZrB2, and lastly through the simultaneous solidification of SiC, ZrB2, and ZrC through a ternary eutectic reaction. The ternary eutectic composition was determined to be 35.3 +/- 2.2 vol% SiC, 39.3 +/- 3.8 vol% ZrB2, and 25.4 +/- 3.0 vol% ZrC. A dual fusion zone microstructure was always observed due to convective melt pool mixing. The SiC content at the edge of the fusion zone was 57 vol%, while SiC content at the center of the fusion zone was 42 vol% although the overall SiC content was still nominally 50 vol% throughout the entire fusion zone.