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Journal of Physical Chemistry A, Vol.122, No.26, 5773-5780, 2018
Benchmark ab Initio Characterization of the Inversion and Retention Pathways of the OH- + CH3Y [Y = F, Cl, Br, I] S(N)2 Reactions
We study the Walden-inversion, front-side attack retention, and double-inversion retention pathways of the OH- + CH3Y [Y = F, Cl, Br, I] S(N)2 reactions using high-level ab initio methods. Benchmark stationary-point structures and frequencies are computed at the CCSD(T)-F12b/aug-cc-pVTZ level of theory and the best technically feasible relative energies are determined on the basis of CCSD(T)-F12b/aug-cc-pVQZ computations complemented with post-CCSD(T) correlation effects at the CCSDT(Q)/aug-cc-pVDZ level, core correlation corrections at the CCSD(T)/aug-cc-pwCVTZ level, scalar relativistic effects using effective core potentials for Br and I, and zero-point energy corrections at the CCSD(T)-F12b/aug-cc-pVTZ level. Walden inversion proceeds via hydrogen-bonded HO-center dot center dot center dot HCH2Y (Cl, Br, I) complex -> hydrogen-bonded HO-center dot center dot center dot HCH2Y (Cl, Br, I) transition state -> ion-dipole HO-center dot center dot center dot H3CY (F, Cl, Br) complex -> Walden-inversion [HO-CH3-Y](-) (F, Cl, Br) transition state -> hydrogen-bonded CH3OH center dot center dot center dot Y- (F, Cl, Br, I) complex, where the Y-dependent existence of the submerged stationary points is indicated in parentheses. Front-side HO-center dot center dot center dot YCH3 (Cl, Br, I) complexes are also found and HO-center dot center dot center dot ICH3 is a deeper minimum than HO-center dot center dot center dot HCH2I. Front-side attacks go over high barriers of 42.8 (F), 28.7 (Cl), 22.4 (Br), and 17.2 (I) kcal/mol, well above the double-inversion barrier heights of 16.7 (F), 3.4 (Cl), 1.1 (Br), and -3.7 (I) kcal/mol.