Nanoclay-based PVA aerogels have been synthesized at pilot-plant scale, using an environmentally friendly freeze-drying method. In the present work, the influence of different types of nanoclays on the physical, mechanical, and thermal properties of the resulted PVA aerogels were evaluated. In addition, the effect of nanoclay/PVA mass ratio was studied . Nanoclay incorporation into the polymeric matrix resulted in compact structures with small pore size distribution. Moreover, nanoclay addition (up to 3 wt %) allowed to improve the mechanical properties of the obtained aerogels. Nanoclay-based PVA aerogels showed interesting properties, such as high lightness, good mechanical properties, low thermal conductivity, and fire resistance.