Cooling systems have been widely applied in the process industry, which generally falls into two categories: air cooling and water cooling. Despite that both of these cooling types has their own specific advantages, resource consumption, especially energy and water, is inevitable to maintain system operation. Facing with overwhelming challenges in the industry field such as energy and water conservation, given selection of cooling type, it is imperative to take resource consumption and economy effect into account. In this paper, comparison among four different cooling types is carried out, including dry air coolers, spray type air coolers, evaporative air coolers, and circulating cooling water systems, for energy and water consumption and economy performance. Considering the cooling range from 95 degrees C to 40 degrees C, under circumstance of different dry bulb temperature and relative humidity, energy and water consumption can be calculated, while annual total cost, as a measure index of economic indication, is compared in the condition of different price ratio of fresh water and industrial electricity likewise. This work contributes to the determination of optimal cooling method, which has instructive significance in actual industrial processes. (C) 2018 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.