Linear segmented polyurethanes based on poly(butylene adipate)s (PEA) of different molecular weight (M(n) 2000, 1000, and 600), 4,4’-diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI) and the mesogenic diol 4,4’-bis-(6-hydroxyhexoxy)biphenyl (BHHBP) as well as the unsegmented polyurethane consisting of MDI/BHHBP units have been synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis, C-13-NMR and SEC. The thermal behavior and the morphology were studied by DSC, polarizing microscopy, and DMA. The properties of the MDI-polyurethanes were discussed in relation to the BHHBP chain extended 2,4-TDI-polyurethanes and common 1,4-butanediol chain-extended MDI products. NIDI polyurethanes based on PEA (M, 2000) exhibit a glass transition temperature T-g of about -40 degrees C independent of the hard segment content up to similar to 50% hard segments. At higher hard segment contents increasing T(g)s were observed. Polyurethanes, based on the shorter polyester soft segments PBA (M(n) 1000 or 600), reveal an increase in the glass transition temperatures with growing hard segment content. The thermal transitions caused by melting of the MDI/BHHBP hard segments domains are found at 50 K higher temperatures in comparison with the analogous TDI products with mesogenic BHHBP/TDI hard segments. Shortening of the PBA chain length causes a shift of the thermal transitions to lower temperatures. Polarizing microscopy experiments indicate that liquid crystalline behavior is influenced by both the content of mesogenic hard segments and the chain length of the polyester.