Applied Surface Science, Vol.454, 305-312, 2018
Optimum chemical composition of antimony sulfide selenide for thin film solar cells
Antimony sulfide (Sb2S3) with an optical bandgap (E-g) of 1.88 eV and antimony selenide (Sb-2 Se-3) with E-g 1.1 eV, both of orthorhombic crystalline structure, offer a unique opportunity to prepare solar cell absorbers of E-g, 1.3-1.6 eV poised toward economically viable, non-toxic and 'earth-abundant" devices. We prepared chemical precipitates of Sb-S-Se from solutions containing potassium antimony tartrate, thioacetamide and selenosulfate, which were used as sources in vacuum thermal evaporation to produce thin films (280-300 nm) of composition, Sb2SxSe3-x (x = 0.7-2). The E-g of 1.43-1.6 eV and photoconductivity, 4 x 10(-5) and 8 x 10(-7) Omega(-1) cm(-1), respectively of these films help to combine a high open circuit voltage (V-oc) of 0.609 V with a conversion efficiency (ii) 5.5% or a V-oc. of 0.503 V with ry of 6.2%. A dual-crucible thermal evaporation system allowed the preparation of absorber films of varying composition (x) in the cell structure, SnO2 :E (ETO)/CdS/Sb2SxSe3-x, A-Ag. The cell area were, 0.2-0.8 cm(2). A prototype module of seven series-connected cells of area 1 cm(2) each produced a V-oc, of 3.5 V, short circuit current 12 mA at eta, 2.4%. Evaluation of the composition of the Sb(2)S(x)Se(3-x)x films through gracing incidence X-ray diffraction is illustrated; and device parameters and solar cell perspectives of these materials are presented.
Keywords:Antimony sulfide selenide;Thin films;Solid solutions;Gracing incidence X-ray diffraction;GIXRD;Optical bandgap;Photoconductivity;Solar cells;Thin films photovoltaics;Solar cell efficiency;Solar energy;Renewable energy