15R-SiAlON bonded Al2O3 refractories were successfully synthesized using ferrosilicon nitride and alumina by liquid phase sintering. The phase composition and morphology were analyzed by means of X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy. The results show that 15R-SiAlON reinforcement can be insitu obtained in the specimens with 5wt% ferrosilicon nitride at 1500 degrees C to 1700 degrees C in flowing N-2 of 0.1MPa. The morphology of 15R-SiAlON is strongly dependent on the morphology of intermediate AlON phases formed at different temperatures. Fe-Si alloys from ferrosilicon nitride form liquid phase and accelerate the formation of 15R-SiAlON, in which process the wettability of Fe-Si alloys is improved by the increase in Si content, carbon coating on particle, solution process and reactions. The 15R-SiAlON reinforced Al2O3 refractory materials possess high cold crushing strength of 138-171MPa.