Journal of Structural Biology, Vol.201, No.2, 88-99, 2018
Alpha repeat proteins (alpha Rep) as expression and crystallization helpers
We have previously described a highly diverse library of artificial repeat proteins based on thermostable HEAT like repeats, named alpha Rep. alpha Reps binding specifically to proteins difficult to crystallize have been selected and in several examples, they made possible the crystallization of these proteins. To further simplify the production and crystallization experiments we have explored the production of chimeric proteins corresponding to covalent association between the targets and their specific binders strengthened by a linker. Although chimeric proteins with expression partners are classically used to enhance expression, these fusions cannot usually be used for crystallization. With specific expression partners like a cognate alpha Rep this is no longer true, and chimeric proteins can be expressed purified and crystallized. alpha Rep selection by phage display suppose that at least a small amount of the target protein should be produced to be used as a bait for selection and this might, in some cases, be difficult. We have therefore transferred the alpha Rep library in a new construction adapted to selection by protein complementation assay (PCA). This new procedure allows to select specific binders by direct interaction with the target in the cytoplasm of the bacteria and consequently does not require preliminary purification of target protein. alpha Rep binders selected by PCA or by phage display can be used to enhance expression, stability, solubility and crystallogenesis of proteins that are otherwise difficult to express, purify and/or crystallize.
Keywords:Artificial repeat proteins;Protein library;Crystallization helper;Protein complementation assay;Fusion protein