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Inorganic Chemistry, Vol.57, No.7, 4181-4188, 2018
Structural and Electrochemical Evaluation of Three- and Two-Dimensional Organohalide Perovskites and Their Influence on the Reversibility of Lithium Intercalation
Organic-inorganic hybrid perovskite materials have recently been investigated in a variety of applications, including solar cells, light emitting devices (LEDs), and lasers because of their impressive semiconductor properties. Nevertheless, the perovskite structure has the ability to host extrinsic elements, making its application in the battery field possible. During the present study, we fabricated and investigated the electrochemical properties of three-dimensional (3D) methylammonium lead mixed-halide CH3NH3PbI3-xBrx and two-dimensional (2D) propylammonium-methlylammonium lead bromide (CH3NH3)(2)(CH3(CH2)(2)NH3)(2)-Pb3Br10 hybrid perovskite thin films as electrode materials for Li-ion batteries. These electrodes were obtained by solution processing at 100 degrees C. CH3NH3PbBr3 achieved high discharge/charge capacities of similar to 500 mA h g(-1)/160 mA h g(-1) that could account also for other processes taking place during the Li intercalation. It was also found that bromine plays an important role for lithium intercalation, while the new 2D (CH3NH3)(2)(CH3(CH2)(2)NH3)(2)Pb3Br10 with a layered structure allowed reversibility of the lithium insertion-extraction of 100% with capacities of similar to 375 mA h g(-1) in the form of a thin film. Results suggest that tuning the composition:of these materials can be used to improve intercalation capacities, while modification from 3D to 2D layered structures contributes to improving lithium extraction. The mechanism of the lithium insertion extraction may consist of an intercalation mechanism in the hybrid material accompanying the alloying-dealloying process of the LixPb intermetallic compounds. This work contributes to revealing the relevance of both composition and structure of potential hybrid perovskite materials as future thin film electrode materials with high capacity and compositional versatility.