The ex-catalytic co-pyrolysis of bamboo and polypropylene (PP) with HZSM-5 was investigated with microwave assistance. The influences of catalytic temperature, feedstock/catalyst ratio, and bamboo/PP ratio on the product yields and chemical components of bio-oil from the co-pyrolysis were studied. When the catalytic temperature, feedstock/catalyst ratio, and bamboo/PP ratio were 250 degrees C, 1:2, and 2:1, respectively, the bio-oil yield reached its maximum value at 61.62 wt%. The oxygenate proportion compounds decreased with increasing catalyst content. The PP addition improved the proportions of aromatics and naphthenic hydrocarbons. The bio-oil was upgraded significantly from the jet fuel perspective. A synergistic effect also existed between bamboo and PP.