In this paper, the effect of several transition metal salts such as FeCl2 center dot 4H(2)O, CoCl2 center dot 6H(2)O, NiCl2 center dot 6H(2)O and ZnCl2 on oil shale pyrolysis was investigated, based on thermal decomposition characteristics and product yields and compositions. The salts were added individually to Chinese Huadian oil shale by physical mixing. Pyrolysis experiments of oil shale with and without transition metal salts were performed in a thermogravimetric analyzer and a fixed bed reactor. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) suggested that CoCl2 center dot 6H(2)O and NiCl2 center dot 6H(2)O could promote oil shale pyrolysis, leading to a greater thermogravimetric mass loss than raw oil shale. By contrast, FeCl2 center dot 4H(2)O and ZnCl2 had only a slight effect on the decomposition behaviorof oil shale. The results of fixed bed pyrolysis experiments showed that all metal salts enhanced the secondary cracking of shale oil, which decreased the oil yield and increased the pyrolytic gas yield. The metal salts could also catalyze the aromatization of aliphatic hydrocarbons to yield aromatic hydrocarbons. The catalytic activity of the studied salts decreased in the order NiCl2 center dot 6H(2)O > CoCl2 center dot 6H(2)O > ZnCl2 > FeCl2 center dot 4H(2)O.