International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, Vol.42, No.49, 29310-29319, 2017
Effects of elevated temperatures and contaminated hydrogen gas mixtures on novel ultrathin palladium composite membranes
Transmembrane hydrogen flux of a novel 1 am palladium membrane, supported by a nickel microstructured support grid, is characterized when exposed to carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide and water vapor over a range of temperature from 235 degrees to 320 degrees C. At all temperatures, the palladium membrane is found to be primarily hydrogen transport rate limited due to surface reactions, not atomic hydrogen solution-diffusion though the bulk palladium membrane. Hydrogen flux decreases rapidly as contaminate gas concentration increases, before reaching a temperature dependent steady state, due to nearly complete surface coverage of the palladium by adsorbed contaminate. Carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide have the largest impact, while water vapor has a lesser impact. The likely source of deactivation is the blocking of surface active sites by adsorbed contaminate molecules. Independent of contaminate gas effects, this study reveals a permanent hydrogen flux decrease due to diffusion of nickel from the microstructured support grid into the palladium membrane at temperatures above 360 degrees C. (C) 2017 Hydrogen Energy Publications LLC. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.