Methods of producing medium-chain-length poly-3-hydroxyalkanoate (mcl-PHA) with high content of the dominant subunit, 3-hydroxydecanoate (HD), were examined with an emphasis on a high yield of polymer from decanoic acid. High HD content was achieved by using a beta-oxidation knockout mutant of Pseudomonas putida KT2440 (designated as P. putida DBA-F1) or by inhibiting beta-oxidation with addition of acrylic acid (Aa) to wild type P. putida KT2440 in carbon-limited, fed-batch fermentations. At a substrate feed ratio of decanoic acid and acetic acid to glucose (DAA:G) of 6:4g/g, P. putida DBA-F1 accumulated significantly higher HD (97 mol%), but much lower biomass (8.5g/L) and PHA (42% of dry biomass) than the wild type. Both biomass and PHA concentrations were improved by decreasing the ratio of DAA:G to 4:6. Moreover, when the substrate feed ratio was further decreased to 2:8, 18g/L biomass containing 59% mcl-PHA consisting of 100mol% HD was achieved. The yield of PHA from decanoic acid was 1.24 (g/g) indicating that de novo synthesis had contributed to production. Yeast extract and tryptone (YET) addition allowed the mutant strain to accumulate 74% mcl-PHA by weight with 97mol% HD at a production rate of 0.41g/L/hr, at least twice that of published data for any beta-oxidation knock-out mutant. Higher biomass concentration was achieved with Aa inhibition of beta-oxidation in the wild type but the HD content (84mol%) was less than that of the mutant. A carbon balance showed a marked increase in supernantant organic carbon for the mutant indicating overflow metabolism. Increasing the dominant monomer content (HD) greatly increased melting point, crystallinity, and rate of crystallization.