Novel fluffy smoke like mesoporous N-doped carbon (mNC) was prepared through a facile one-pot carbonization method using the low-cost melamine and polyacrylonitrile as the precursor materials. The obtained mNC material exhibits a high surface area, rich nitrogen content and can be used as an ideal catalyst support to fabricate noble metal modified nanocatalysts. Here, small Ag nanoparticles were supported on the mNC material with high dispersion to give the Ag/mNC nanocatalyst. The obtained Ag/mNC nanocatalyst was used in the catalytic reduction of nitroarenes and showed excellent catalytic activity, probably due to the small Ag NPs which highly dispersed on the fluffy mNC material that can enhance the accessibility and mass transfer, and subsequently enhance the catalytic activity. It is worth mentioning that, in the catalytic reduction of nitroarenes with halogenated groups, almost no de-halogenation phenomenon can be observed, which implies the superior catalytic chemoselectivity of the Ag/mNC nanocatalyst. (C) 2017 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.