Due to the multiple benefits associated with energy efficient refurbishment measures in the building sector, it is important to identify the factors which influence house owners' behavior in this context in order to raise the refurbishment rate. Based on a Germany-wide online survey, we investigated the factors which influence owner-occupiers of single and two family houses that are 50 years or older. This was done utilizing Vroom's Expectancy Theory. We compared house owners who stated an intention to undertake energy efficient refurbishment measures, house owners who stated a need for such measures but no intention, and house owners who had already completed refurbishment measures. Using multinomial logistic regression analysis, we identified the role of indoor comfort as being a motivational trigger. We also identified hindering aspects such as finances, time constraints and the house owners' own capabilities to undertake the refurbishment measures. Moreover, this study provides information on both planned and already conducted refurbishment measures as well as those parts of houses where survey participants perceive a need for energy-related refurbishment measures. Based on our findings we suggest that practically orientated measures should be implemented to increase the energy efficiency of older houses, e.g. presenting best practice refurbishment projects. (C) 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.