Fischer-Tropsch (FT) synthesis was carried out in a microchannel reactor under a wide range of operating conditions (e.g. 280-320 degrees C, 10-50 bar, H-2/CO 1-3) using a mesoporous supported bimetallic Co-Ni catalyst. The response surface methodology (RSM) and central composite design (CCD) were employed in determining the optimal condition for light olefin production. Three key operational parameters (e.g. syngas ratio, operational pressure, and reaction temperature) were chosen as independent variables in CCD. A new comprehensive kinetic model assuming separate rate of CI, C-2, C-3 and C-n (n >= 4) by coupling Langmuir-Hinshelwood-Hougen-Watson (LHHW) carbide mechanistic approach together with thermodynamic correction is capable of representing olefm-to-paraffin ratio (O/P ratio) and product distribution at experimental conditions in this microchannel reactor.