In the present work, we have prepared the iron oxide nanoparticles with and without surfactant and characterized by FTIR, SEM, TEM, XRD, and VSM. The presynthesized nanoparticles were embedded in the Gum rosin-acrylamide copolymer matrix. Polymer matrix which is basically a hydrogel was prepared by a free radical mechanism using potassium persulphate (KPS) and N,N' methylene-bisacrylamide (MBA) as an initiator-crosslinker system. The synthesized conditions of hydrogel, such as time, temperature, pH, amount of solvent, concentration of monomer, and crosslinker, were optimized to obtain the product with maximum percentages swelling (404%). The nanogels were prepared under vacuum condition. The synthesized GrA-cl-poly(AAm)-Fe2O3 nanogel has been characterized by XRD, FTIR, and SEM techniques for structural. Thermal studies have been done through by TGA/DTA/DTG techniques. The antibacterial activity of the nanocomposites was evaluated against Gram-positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus) and Gram-negative (Escherichia coli) using well diffusion method.