화학공학소재연구정보센터
Journal of Physical Chemistry A, Vol.101, No.11, 2055-2063, 1997
Connecting Cluster Anion Properties to Bulk - Ion Solvation Free-Energy Trends with Cluster-Size and the Surface vs Internal Nature of Iodide in Water Clusters
There is disagreement in the literature on whether small water clusters (up to similar to 60 waters) accommodate an excess iodide anion at the surface, in the interior, or in states intermediate between the two extremes. Small cluster solvation data, the results of ion simulations in model polar solvent clusters of intermediate size, and limiting continuum dielectric trends at large cluster size have been combined to illustrate the progression of the free energy of ion solvation from the smallest cluster size to bulk, establishing a set of general expectations for cluster ion solvation properties vs cluster size. The surface vs internal state issue for iodide in water clusters is examined in the context of the cluster ion properties of solvation thermochemistry, electron vertical detachment thresholds, and vertical detachment energies with specific regard to variation with cluster size and extrapolation to bulk. In aqueous systems, the anionic cluster property of vertical detachment threshold is shown to bear a better correspondence than the cluster vertical detachment energy (peak center) to the bulk property of the anionic defect photoemission threshold. It is concluded that in aqueous iodide clusters there is a gradual progression from surface states at small cluster size to internal states at large cluster size with the intervening region exhibiting an intermediate degree of surface character. Small I-(H2O)(n) clusters are unlike bulk I-(ag) in this regard, yet meaningful extrapolations of the photodetachment data to the bulk behavior can be made.