This work assesses the influence of diesel additives on chemico-physical properties (flash point, density, viscosity, and cetane number) and exhaust emissions (CO, CO2, nitrogen oxides, and soot). Experimental tests are performed in a 4-cylinder turbocharged, common rail direct injection engine. Experiments are conducted in different percentages of ethanol (5 and 10%) and nitrogenate additives (2 and 5%). The current essay applies various types of tertiary additives (nitro methane, nitro ethane, and 2-methoxy ethyl ether). All the compositions of ethanol in the diesel make the cetane index, flash point, density, and viscosity reduce. In contrast, these properties get enhanced by adding tertiary additives. Experimental studies demonstrate that nitro ethane is more effective on the decrease of soot emissions and the increase of CO, CO2, and nitrogen oxides.