화학공학소재연구정보센터
Journal of Physical Chemistry, Vol.99, No.51, 17852-17861, 1995
Novel Rate Constants for a Catalytic-Hydrogenation Reaction of Propylene Obtained by a Frequency-Response Method
"Reaction rate (or FR) spectra" of a catalytic hydrogenation of propylene over Pt or Ph at 314 K were observed in a cell reactor composed of a proton-conducting membrane. It is shown that a variety of the spectra can be reproduced well by "characteristic functions", K-H*(omega) and K-C*(omega), which may be derived from a three-stage model composed of five elementary steps : X(g) reversible arrow A(X)(a) reversible arrow B-X(a) --> propane (X : hydrogen or propylene), where X denotes the gaseous molecule; A(X) and B-X are the first and second intermediate adsorbed species. Seven rate constants concerning these five steps were evaluated by matching K-H*(omega) or K-C*(omega) to the spectrum; five of them, k(PX), k-(AX), k(AX), k-(BX), and k(BX), are ordinary rate constants, while the other two, l(-BX) and l(BX), are novel ones. Since all these constants except k(PX) are independent of the amounts of catalyst, they are characteristic of active sites and can be compared with each other. On the basis of these constants, kinetic details have been discussed; for instance, mean residence times of A(X) and B-X, tau(AX) and tau(BX), respectively, were determined by (k(-AX) + k(AX))(-1) and (k(-BX) + k(BX))(-1), resulting in (in second units) tau(AH) similar to 0.3 and tau(BH) similar to 3 for hydrogen and tau(AC) similar to 3 and tau(BC) similar to 3 for propylene over Pt, while over Rh they were tau(AH) similar to 1 and tau(BH) similar to 3; tau(AC) similar to 10(2) and tau(BC) similar to 10(2). The nondimensional rate constants, l(-BX) and l(BX), were indispensable to reproduce the various FR spectra; l(-BH) and l(BH) were positive, whereas l(-BC) and l(BC) were negative over both catalysts, which suggests heat effects.