Electrogenerated chemiluminescence (ECL) behaviors of luminol were comparatively studied at CdS quantum dos, graphene, and CdS/graphene (CdS/GR) nanocomposites modified gold electrodes in neutral condition. The most intense anodic ECL signal was obtained at the CdS/GR nanocomposites modified gold electrode (CdS/GR/GE). The anodic ECL of luminol (ECL-1) located at similar to 0.50 V (vs SCE) was increased nearly 50-times compared with the bare gold electrode. Besides, two stronger anodic ECL peaks (ECL-2 and ECL-3) were observed at 1.0 V and 1.4 V (vs SCE), respectively. The fluorescence and the UV-vis absorption spectra revealed that resonance energy transfer between luminol and CdS/GR nanocomposites was possible. The ECL spectra further demonstrated the occurrence of ECL resonance energy transfer (ECL-RET), which resulted in strong ECL-2 and ECL-3. Cytochrome C could significantly inhibit the intensities of the anodic ECL peaks, and could be sensitively detected. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.