A novel ultrasonic reactor for continuous production of biodiesel from waste acid oil

Hua-Sheng Zou; Jun Chai

Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering, Vol.34, No.2, 353-359, February, 2017

DOI10.1007/s11814-016-0280-6 Export Citation

A novel ultrasonic reactor for continuous production of biodiesel from waste acid oil

Hua-Sheng Zou, and Jun Chai^†

School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, Guang Dong Province, China

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FAME was produced by a two-step in-situ transesterification of acid oil (AO) with methanol in a novel continuous flow ultrasonic reactor system composed of four ultrasonic reactors with different frequency. The hydrodynamic behavior of the reactor was investigated by a step response technique, and the effect of ultrasonic frequency on mono-alkyl esters of long chain fatty acids (FAMEs) formation was also investigated. The production process includes an in-situ sulfuric acid-catalyzed esterification of AO with methanol in the first two ultrasonic reactors successively followed by an in-situ base-catalyzed transesterification in the other two ultrasonic reactors. The AO initial free fatty acids (FFA) content about 17.5 w% was cut down to less than 1 w% by sulfuric acid-catalyzed esterification. FAME yields in excess of 97.0% identified by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) were obtained by the two-step in-situ reaction. The maximum and minimum volumetric productivity could reach 13.76 L·h-1 and 10.24 L·h-1 respectively.

Keywords:Novel Reactor;Ultrasonic-enhanced;Continuous Production;Biodiesel;Waste Acid Oil

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[2] Yusuf NNAN, Kamarudin SK, Yaakub Z, Energy Conv. Manag., 52, 2749 (2011)

[3] Leung DYC, Wu X, Leung MKH, Appl. Energy, 87, 1086 (2010)

[4] Rashid U, Anwar F, Fuel, 87, 268 (2008)

[5] Andersen O, Weinbach JE, Biomass Bioenerg., 34, 1185 (2010)

[6] Ahmad AL, Yasin NHM, Derek CJC, Lim JK, Renew. Sust. Energ. Rev., 15, 590 (2011)

[7] Meng X, Yang J, Xu X, Zhang L, Nie Q, Xian M, Renew. Energy, 34, 4 (2009)

[8] Cetinkaya M, Karaosmanoglu F, Energy Fuels, 18, 1890 (2004)

[9] Yuan X, Liu J, Zeng G, Shi J, Tong J, Huang GH, Renew. Energy, 33(7), 1678 (2008)

[10] Zhang H, Ding J, Zhao Z, Bioresour. Technol., 123, 75 (2012)

[11] Kligerman DC, Bouwer EJ, Renew. Sust. Energ. Rev., 52, 1840 (2015)

[12] Zou HS, Lei M, Journal of the Taiwan Institute of Chemical Engineers, 43, 732 (2012)

[13] Teixeira LSG, Assis JCR, Mendonca DR, Santos ITV, Guimaraes PRB, Pontes LAM, Teixeira JSR, Fuel Process. Technol., 90, 1165 (2009)

[14] Stavarache C, Vinatoru M, Maeda Y, Ultrason. Sonochem., 13, 405 (2006)

[15] Singh AK, Fernando SD, Hernandez R, Energy Fuels, 21, 1163 (2007)