The low-temperature rheological properties of a biopetroleum and petroleum diesel were investigated. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) was employed to study their crystallization, and the Kissinger method was used to calculate the apparent activation energy of crystallization. The results show that the biopetroleum changes from Newtonian fluid to non-Newtonian fluid with the drop of temperature, and the transition temperature is close to the cold filter plugging point (CFPP) of the biopetroleum. The low-temperature rheological properties of the biopetroleum are as similar as petroleum diesel. A commercial low-temperature flow improver ethylene-vinyl acetate (T1804) had a good filterability depression effect on the biopetroleum.