International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, Vol.41, No.21, 9004-9021, 2016
Performances of a micro-CHP system fed with bio-ethanol based on fluidized bed membrane reactor and PEM fuel cells
A micro-CHP system, rated at 5 kW(el), based on membrane reactor and PEM fuel cells is simulated in the present work. Bio-ethanol is used as feedstock and converted into hydrogen inside the innovative fuel processor: a membrane-assisted fluidized-bed auto thermal reforming reactor. The pure hydrogen separated by the Pd-based membranes inside the reactor is fed to a low-temperature PEM fuel cells stack. Heat is recovered to produce low temperature water. Two different reactor configurations are investigated: the first one adopts a sweep-gas stream, the second one a vacuum pump. Parametric analysis is performed for both cases evaluating the impact of feed composition (water-to-ethanol ratio) and operative conditions of the membrane reactor (temperature and feed/permeate pressures) on performances and design parameters. Optimal conditions are defined as a trade-off between efficiency and Pd-membranes area. For the sweep-gas layout, net electric efficiency higher than 40% can be achieved for a wide range of operative conditions, but large Pd-membranes area is required (approximate to 0.4 m(2)); for the vacuum pump layout efficiency is lower (down to 39%), but Pd-membranes area is lower too(approximate to 0.2 m(2)). Future work is the economic evaluation of the system for off-grid installations. (c) 2016 Hydrogen Energy Publications LLC. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Keywords:Fluidized bed membrane reactor;Palladium membrane;Pure hydrogen;PEM fuel cell;Micro-CHP system;Bio-ethanol