Supercritical water gasification of glucose as a model compound for biomass was conducted in quartz reactors at 500 degrees C. The concentration of glucose solution was 5 wt.% and the reaction time was adjusted within the range of 10-1800 s. The effects of reaction time and catalyst on the product distribution were investigated and the formation and degradation pathways of intermediate products with and without catalyst were discussed. The results show that the gas yields increased while the yields of organic intermediates in residual liquid decreased with the reaction time. The organic intermediates in residual liquid were mainly composed of phenols, furans, organic acids, alcohols, arenes and ketones. The Ru/Al2O3 catalyst had a significant influence on the gasification of glucose, which promoted the degradation of intermediates to gaseous products, increased the yield of hydrogen and inhibited the formation of char. Copyright (C) 2016, Hydrogen Energy Publications, LLC. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.