Study of a novel phenolic-ester as antioxidant additive in lube, biodiesel and blended diesel

Raj K. Singh; Aruna Kukrety; Om P. Sharma; Siddharth Baranwal; Neeraj Atray; Siddharth S. Ray

Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry, Vol.37, 27-31, May, 2016

DOI10.1016/j.jiec.2016.03.029 Export Citation

Study of a novel phenolic-ester as antioxidant additive in lube, biodiesel and blended diesel

Raj K. Singh^†, Aruna Kukrety, Om P. Sharma, Siddharth Baranwal¹, Neeraj Atray¹, and Siddharth S. Ray

Chemical Science Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Petroleum, Dehradun 248005, India
¹Biofuels Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Petroleum, Dehradun 248005, India

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A novel phenolic-ester denoted as Bz-4-tBz was synthesized by esterification reaction between the 1,2,4,5-benzenetetracarboxylic acid and 3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenyl alcohol in N,N'-dimethyla-cetamide using N,N'-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide as catalyst. The Bz-4-tBz was evaluated as antioxidant in polyol by the rotatory bomb oxidation test while the Rancimat test were also done for evaluating the antioxidant potential in the biodiesel (B100) and blended diesel (B20). The RBOT time of polyol was observed to be increased from 6.72 min to 17.42 min when blended 2000 mg/kg Bz-4-tBz in it. The oxidation stability of biodiesel (B100) and blended diesel (B20) was also found to be increased.

Keywords:Phenolic-ester;Antioxidant additive;Polyol;Biodiesel;Blended diesel;RBOT;Rancimat

[References]

Mortier RM, Fox MF, Orszulik ST (Eds.), Chemistry and Technology of Lubricants, Springer, Heidelberg, 2010.
Denison GH, Condit PC, Ind. Eng. Chem., 37, 1102 (1945)
Rudnick LR, Lubricant Additives: Chemistry and Applications, Taylor & Francis Group, Boca Raton, 2009.
Demirbas A, Biodiesel, 1st ed., Springer-Verlag, London, 2008.
Kockritz A, Martin A, Eur. J. Lipid Sci. Technol., 110, 812 (2008)
Schober S, Mittelbach M, Eur. J. Lipid Sci. Technol., 106, 382 (2004)
Bhatnagar AK, Joshi GC, Joshi SC, Sharma PK, Gupta AK, Goyal HB, Sharma KG, Kumar K, Indian Patent No. 189476, 2004.
Hill JS, US Patent No. 7601862, 2009.
Zhang L, Cai G, Eli W, Lubr. Sci., 25, 209 (2013)
Singh RK, Kukrety A, Singh AK, ACS Sustain. Chem. Eng., 2, 1959 (2014)
Migdal CA, Sikora DJ, US Patent No. 20050170978 A1, 2005.
EN 14214, Automotive Fuels, Fatty Acid Methyl Esters (FAME) for Diesel Engines. Requirements and Test Methods, European Committee for Standards (CEN), Belgium, 2003.
EN 590, Automotive Fuels - Diesel - Requirements and Test Methods, European Committee for Standards (CEN), Belgium, 2004.
ASTM D 2272-11, Standard test method for oxidation stability of steam turbine oils by rotating pressure vessel, in: Annual Book of ASTM Standards, ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA, 2011.
EN 14112, Fat and oil derivatives, Fatty Acid Methyl Esters (FAME), in: Determination of Oxidation Stability (Accelerated Oxidation Test), European Committee for Standards (CEN), Belgium, 2003.
Singh RK, Pandey S, Saxena RC, Thakre GD, Atray N, Ray SS, N. J. Chem., 39, 5354 (2015)
Sharma BK, Perez JM, Erhan SZ, Energy Fuels, 21(4), 2408 (2007)
Dunn RO, Fuel Process. Technol., 86(10), 1071 (2005)
Litwinienko G, Kasprzycka-Guttman T, Studzinski M, Thermochim. Acta, 307(1), 97 (1997)
Kowalski B, Thermochim. Acta, 213, 135 (1993)
Kowalski B, Thermochim. Acta, 184, 49 (1991)

[Referenced By]

[1] Mortier RM, Fox MF, Orszulik ST (Eds.), Chemistry and Technology of Lubricants, Springer, Heidelberg, 2010.

[2] Denison GH, Condit PC, Ind. Eng. Chem., 37, 1102 (1945)

[3] Rudnick LR, Lubricant Additives: Chemistry and Applications, Taylor & Francis Group, Boca Raton, 2009.

[4] Demirbas A, Biodiesel, 1st ed., Springer-Verlag, London, 2008.

[5] Kockritz A, Martin A, Eur. J. Lipid Sci. Technol., 110, 812 (2008)

[6] Schober S, Mittelbach M, Eur. J. Lipid Sci. Technol., 106, 382 (2004)

[7] Bhatnagar AK, Joshi GC, Joshi SC, Sharma PK, Gupta AK, Goyal HB, Sharma KG, Kumar K, Indian Patent No. 189476, 2004.

[8] Hill JS, US Patent No. 7601862, 2009.

[9] Zhang L, Cai G, Eli W, Lubr. Sci., 25, 209 (2013)

[10] Singh RK, Kukrety A, Singh AK, ACS Sustain. Chem. Eng., 2, 1959 (2014)

[11] Migdal CA, Sikora DJ, US Patent No. 20050170978 A1, 2005.

[12] EN 14214, Automotive Fuels, Fatty Acid Methyl Esters (FAME) for Diesel Engines. Requirements and Test Methods, European Committee for Standards (CEN), Belgium, 2003.

[13] EN 590, Automotive Fuels - Diesel - Requirements and Test Methods, European Committee for Standards (CEN), Belgium, 2004.

[14] ASTM D 2272-11, Standard test method for oxidation stability of steam turbine oils by rotating pressure vessel, in: Annual Book of ASTM Standards, ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA, 2011.

[15] EN 14112, Fat and oil derivatives, Fatty Acid Methyl Esters (FAME), in: Determination of Oxidation Stability (Accelerated Oxidation Test), European Committee for Standards (CEN), Belgium, 2003.

[16] Singh RK, Pandey S, Saxena RC, Thakre GD, Atray N, Ray SS, N. J. Chem., 39, 5354 (2015)

[17] Sharma BK, Perez JM, Erhan SZ, Energy Fuels, 21(4), 2408 (2007)

[18] Dunn RO, Fuel Process. Technol., 86(10), 1071 (2005)

[19] Litwinienko G, Kasprzycka-Guttman T, Studzinski M, Thermochim. Acta, 307(1), 97 (1997)

[20] Kowalski B, Thermochim. Acta, 213, 135 (1993)

[21] Kowalski B, Thermochim. Acta, 184, 49 (1991)