Ervatamin-C is a stable papain-like cysteine protease from a tropical plant Ervatamia coronaria. Proteases in this family have numerous industrial applications. Thus protein engineering to create tailor-made variants of them for biotechnological and other applications will be highly desirable. A prerequisite for such an approach is a recombinant expression system. The cDNA encoding pro-ervatamin-C (mature protease domain together with the N-terminal prodomain) has therefore been cloned and expressed in Escherichia coli using two T7 based expression vectors pET-28a(+) and pET-39b(+). The recombinant pro-ervatamin-C was expressed as inclusion body using pET-28a(+) vector and the protease Was solubilized, purified and successfully refolded to its functionally active form. To express the recombinant protease in a soluble form, a DsbA (disulphide oxidoreductase) tag was placed before pro-ervatamin-C using pET-39b(+) vector to obtain folded active ervatamin-C without going through any in vitro refolding step. A comparison of the two procedures has been presented. The recombinant enzyme shows a similar enzymatic activity, specificity and thermal stability pattern like its native counterpart. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.